Author(s):
Abna Fathima.V, Fawas.V, Greeshma Ann Varghese, Riya Shaji K.M, Shahana Sherin.K, Tina Raju, Lal Prasanth ML
Email(s):
tinarcpmht@gmail.com
DOI:
10.52711/2321-5844.2025.00011
Address:
Abna Fathima.V, Fawas.V, Greeshma Ann Varghese, Riya Shaji K.M, Shahana Sherin.K, Tina Raju, Dr. Lal Prasanth ML
Dr. Moopen’s College of Pharmacy, Naseera Nagar, Meppadi P.O., Wayanad, India - 673577.
*Corresponding Author
Published In:
Volume - 16,
Issue - 2,
Year - 2025
ABSTRACT:
Nail lacquers or nail paints may be defined as viscous or semi-liquid preparations that are intended for the decoration of the nails of the fingers and toes. Nail lacquers form the most commonly used the most popular type of manicure preparations. It can help our nails grow longer and stronger. It has become an essential step for many self-care routines. An attempt was made to prepare nail lacquer containing natural antifungal agent obtained from extract of pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel which are employed for the treatment of onychomycosis, a fungal infection of nail. This was expected to improve chemical efficacy and improve patient compliance. The film forming polymer, permeation enhancer and solvent, along with extract was optimized for component release, stability and convenience of application. The formulation was prepared by simple mixing and using magnetic stirrer which was analyzed for nonvolatile content, gloss, smoothness to flow, drying time, viscosity, adhesion, permeation studies and antifungal studies. Among all the formulations of nail lacquer prepared, F5 exhibited good nonvolatile content and zone of inhibition. Pomegranate peel extract nail lacquer can be used irrespective of the sex of patient for the treatment of onychomycosis.
Cite this article:
Abna Fathima.V, Fawas.V, Greeshma Ann Varghese, Riya Shaji K.M, Shahana Sherin.K, Tina Raju, Lal Prasanth ML. Design, Optimization and Evaluation of Nail Lacquer for Treatment of Onychomycosis. Research Journal of Topical and Cosmetic Sciences. 2025; 16(2):69-6. doi: 10.52711/2321-5844.2025.00011
Cite(Electronic):
Abna Fathima.V, Fawas.V, Greeshma Ann Varghese, Riya Shaji K.M, Shahana Sherin.K, Tina Raju, Lal Prasanth ML. Design, Optimization and Evaluation of Nail Lacquer for Treatment of Onychomycosis. Research Journal of Topical and Cosmetic Sciences. 2025; 16(2):69-6. doi: 10.52711/2321-5844.2025.00011 Available on: https://rjtcsonline.com/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2025-16-2-1
REFERENCES:
1. Kilany E, Raoof E. Facial cosmetics in ancient Egypt: Egyptian Journal of Tourism Studies. 2017; 16(1): 1-19.
2. Surya M, Gunasekaran S A. A review on 3recent scenario of cosmetics: Int.J. Pharm.Sci. 2021; 68(1): 190-197.
3. Abdulla B J et al. A comparative study of cosmetic regulations in different countries of the world with focus on India: IJCRR. 2012; 4(11): 130-141.
4. Gaurav Kumar Sharma, Jayesh Gadiya, Meenakshi Dhanawat. A text book of Cosmetic formulation.
5. Mukul S et al. Cosmeceuticals for the skin: an overview. Asian.J.Pharm.Clin.Res. 2011; 4(2): 1.
6. Baki G. Introduction to cosmetic formulation and technology. John Wileyand Sons; 2022 Dec 12.
7. Yadav V, Srivastava V, Dwivedi KP, Ravindra S, Yadav A and Verma NK. Disease of nails (fungal infections) and treatment (nail lacquer): A Review. World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2022; 11(10):663-694.
8. Ramya C, Gowsalya R, Sakthi N, Santhosh KK, Vivek MC, Manikandan P, kumar MS. A Comprehensive review on onychomycosis. Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results. 2022; 13(8): 4838-4843.
9. Valentin MA, Noelia HP, Alicia RN, Miguel MM. Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiología clínica. Elsevier Espana. 2022; 40: 330–331.
10. Sandeep R and Vijaya A. Epidemiological and diagnostic study of onychomycosis. IP Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dermatology. 2018; 4(3): 250-259.
11. Piraccini B M and Alessandrini A. Onychomycosis: a review. Journal of Fungi. 2015:30- 43.
12. Martínez E, Ameenb M, Tejadaa D, Arenas R. Microsporum spp. onychomycosis: disease presentation, risk factors and treatment responses in an urban population. The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Disease. 2014; 18(2): 181-186.
13. Grover C, Khuran A. Onychomycosis: Newer insights in pathogenesis and diagnosis. Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology. 2012; 78(3): 263-270.
14. Kaur R, Kashyap B, Bhalla P. Onychomycosis - epidemiology, diagnosis and management. Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology. 2008; 26: 108-116.
15. Shiwaikar AA, Thomas TT, Shirwaikar A, Lobo R and Prabhu KS. Treatment of onychomycosis: an update. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2008; 70(6):710- 714.
16. Baran R, Hay RJ, Tosti A, Haneke E. A new classification of onychomycosis. British Journal of Dermatology. 1998; 139: 567–571.
17. Boni E Elewski. Onychomycosis: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management. American Society for Microbiology. 1998; 11(3): 415–429.
18. Jimenez LN et al. The rheologically-complex fluid beauty of nail lacquer formulations. Soft Matter. 2021; 17(20): 5197-213.
19. Aggarwal R et al. Efinaconazole nail lacquer for the transungual drug delivery: Formulation, optimization, characterization and in vitro evaluation. Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology. 2020 Dec1; 60.
20. Gupta AK et al. Ciclopirox nail lacquer topical solution 8% in the treatment of toenail onychomycosis. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2000 Oct 1; 43(4): S70-80.
21. Sangeeta Singh and Aswani Kumar. Formulation and Evaluation of Nail Lacquer Containing Anti-fungal Griseofulvin for the Treatment of Onychomycosis. International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology. 2021 Dec 12; 12(6).
22. Jean-Paul L. Amorolfine nail lacquer: a novel formulation. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. 1995; 4(Suppl. 1): S17-S21.
23. Dehari D et al. Luliconazole nail lacquer for the treatment of onychomycosis: formulation, characterization and in vitro and ex vivo evaluation. AAPS Pharm SciTech. 2022 Jun 24; 23(6):175.
24. Sudaxshina Murdan. Drug delivery to the nail following topical application. International Journal of Pharmaceutics. 2002; 236: 1–2.
25. Chandra R and Aggarwal A. Evaluation of nail lacquer. Indo Global J. Pharm. Sci. 2012; 2:379-82.
26. Murd S. Drug delivery to the nail following topical application. Int. J. Pharm. 2002; 236. 1–26.
27. Kiran, S., and Shekar C. Ungual drug delivery system of ketoconazole nail lacquer. Asian J Pharm. 2010; 1-3.
28. Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients. USA: American Pharmaceutical Association; 1986; 210, 262, 592.
29. Sonali Shinde, Ajinkya D. Tipale, Ramdas B. Rode. Review on: Nail Lacquers as Cosmetic Formulation. Res. J. Topical and Cosmetic Sci. 4(1): July –Dec. 2013 page 59-60.
30. Limce Thampi, Rani K Kuriakose, Aswani Balakrishnan, Muhsena P M, Sona Grace Nelson, T M Fathima Lulu, Veena Jayan. Cosmetological competence of nail patches in combating onychomycosis-An approach to improve the quality of life. Research Journal of Topical and Cosmetic Sciences. 2021; 12(2): 125-1.
31. Poonam Madhukar Kasar, Kalyani Sundarrao Kale, Dipti Ganesh Phadtare. Formulation and Evaluation of Topical Antifungal Gel Containing Itraconazole. Research J. Topical and Cosmetic Sci. 2018; 9(2): 49-52.
32. Akshay R. Yadav, Shrinivas K. Mohite. Screening of In-vitro anti-inflammatory and Antifungal assay of Psidium guajava Leaf Extracts. Research J. Topical and Cosmetic Sci. 2020; 11(2): 62-64.
33. Limce Thampi, Rani K Kuriakose, Aswani Balakrishnan, Muhsena P M, Sona Grace Nelson, T M Fathima Lulu, Veena Jayan. Cosmetological competence of nail patches in combating onychomycosis-An approach to improve the quality of life. Research Journal of Topical and Cosmetic Sciences. 2021; 12(2): 125-1.
34. Priya R. Kawarkhe, Subhash V. Deshmane, Kailash R. Biyani. Formulation and Evaluation of Antioxidant Face Cream Containing Raspberry Fruit and Grape Seeds Extract. Research J. Topical and Cosmetic Sci. 2016; 7(2): 73-78.
35. Vij Neha N., Patil Devayani R., Saudagar Ravindra B. Microwave Assisted Extraction of Phytoconstituents used in Herbal Cosmetics. Res. J. Topical and Cosmetic Sci. 4(1): July –Dec. 2013 page 54-58.
36. Akshay R. Yadav, Shrinivas K. Mohite. Screening of In-vitro anti-inflammatory and Antifungal assay of Psidium guajava Leaf Extracts. Research J. Topical and Cosmetic Sci. 2020; 11(2): 62-64.
37. Habeeba S. Shaikh. Cosmeceutical from Marine Origin and Their Collection, Isolation and Extraction: A Review. Research Journal of Topical and Cosmetic Sciences. 2022; 13(2): 92-8.
38. Panchawat S. Some Aspects of Drug Delivery Through Nail: A Review. Res. J. Topical and Cosmetic Sci. 2013; 4(1): 14-20.