Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Scrub using Tamarind Peel

Ghadage P. K., Mahamuni S. S., Kachare D. S.*

Department of Pharmacology, Yashoda Technical Campus, Wadhe, Satara, India.

*Corresponding Author E-mail: dhanshrikachare44@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:

Objectives: The main objective of research study was to formulate an herbal scrub using natural ingredients incorporated into gel. In today’s life for both women and men cosmetics plays an important role to beautifying and altering the appearance of skin. The use of natural ingredients to remain healthy and of good appearance, the skin surface requires frequent cleansing to remove oil, sebum and other secretions, dead cells, crusts and applied make-ups. Herbal cosmetic has less or no side effects hence use of herbal cosmetics get increased. Methods: In this preparation, tamarind peel are used to exfoliating activity. Other natural ingredients are tamarind powder and multani mitti used to remove grene, dust particles and acne. Esthetic ingredients used in this formulation include neutralizer, moisturizer and surfactants. Among this ingredients, gelling agent and preservative was used. Results: The herbal facial scrub prepared in the laboratory was found to be comparable to the scrub with several parameters. The prepared scrub was evaluated for various parameters like colour, odour, consistency, pH, spreadability, extrudability, viscosity, irritability, washability, grittiness and foamability. Conclusion: The prepared scrub was evaluated using varies parameters and was found to be satisfactory to improve the appearance of skin without any side effects. The application of the scrub gel which helps to improve blood circulation and increases oxygen supply to all surface of the skin. After application of scrub, skin becomes softer, cleaner and refreshed.

KEYWORDS: Exfoliant, Tamarind Powder, Multani Mitti, Rose Water, Scrub.

INTRODUCTION:

Credit is given to the ancient Egyptians for the practice of exfoliation. In the middle Ages, wine was used as a chemical exfoliant, with tartaric acid as the active agent. In Asia, the practice of exfoliation started hundreds of years ago. The etymology of the word "exfoliate" comes from the Latin exfoliare (to strip off leaves).

Cosmetics are products used to enhance or change the appearance of the face, fragrance or the texture of the body. Facial scrubs are an essential part of a skin care routine.

A facial scrub is usually a cream-based product that contains little exfoliation pieces that when massage across the skin help smooth the skin by physically lifting of dry, dead skin cells. Facial scrubs also work very well to keep the skin on the neck to smooth to make exfoliation easier. When exfoliating, make sure to look upwards so the skin on the neck is nice and taut, which will make for easier use. Facial scrub is an excellent deep cleansing, exfoliating applications for all skin types and especially beneficial for oily skin. This all-neutral facial scrub aids in removing impurities, dirt, contaminants and excess oil. This versatile combination can be used as facial scrub or a facial mask. Mix with water or a herbal infusion, apply to the face and gently rinse off. Your skin is sure to feel softer, cleaner and refreshed. (Banchhor M, 2009)

Using a facial scrub can make your skin feel beautiful, youthful, and soft and like it’s glowing. Unlike regular soap or cleanser, a facial scrub uses small particles, beads or chemicals to get rid of the old skin cells and make way for new once in a process known as exfoliation.

Facial scrub was very easy to use, choose a neutral or chemical scrub suited for skin, massaged on damp skin for one minute, and then rinsed skin. Repeated once or twice a week. With all of its benefits, making a facial scrub a part of weakly skin care routine.

Exfoliation involves the removal of the oldest dead skin cells on the skin's outermost surface. Exfoliation is involved in all facials, during microdermabrasion or chemical peels. Exfoliation can be achieved by mechanical or chemical means. (Shivanand P, 2010)

Benefits of Scrubbing Your Skin:

1. For A Squeaky-Clean Skin:

Scrubbing gives you clean skin, free from dirt, oil, and sweat. Actually, the bottles of cleansing milk, face wash and facial cleansers cannot pull out all the dust that accumulates in the pores of your skin. Scrubbing does this job successfully.

2. Frees Your Skin from Flakes:

Flaky skin gives rise to dry patches. It allows dead cells accumulate over time. Scrubbing your skin can help you deal with flaky skin effectively.

3. Helps in Removing Dead Cells:

Dead cells make your skin look dull and tired. Scrub them off with a gentle scrub.

4. Adds Glow to Skin:

Exfoliation can actually make your skin glow.

5. Removes Dark Patches:

Use of scrub twice a week to get results. It is especially effective on knuckles, elbows and knees.

6. Removes Acne Scars:

Exfoliation helps in doing away with acne scars.

7. Prevents Ingrown Hair:

Ingrown hair is a perennial problem and scrubbing is the solution to prevent this problem.

8. for Smooth Skin:

Smooth skin is the key to a more beautiful you. The scrub will not only make your skin look flawlessly smooth, but will also make it soft and well-nourished.

9. Improves the Texture of Your Skin:

Scrubbing your skin gives you clean and smooth skin with an improved texture.

10. Promotes Clear Complexion:

As soon as the flakes, dead cells, blemishes and accumulated impurities are done away. The scrub has natural skin whitening ingredient, the effect is even better

The word cosmetics is derived from greek word “kosomos” define as articles intended to be rubbed, poured, sprinkled or sprayed or introduce into or otherwise applied to human body or any part of cleansing, beautifying, promoting attractiveness or alerting appearance. From the ancient time different herbs are used for cleaning beautifying and to manage them. Cosmetics are available as various forms and each has its own role to play on the skin. Skin is the body’s largest organ. It provides protection, water preservation, lubricates and regulate temperature. Skin becomes dull, non-glowing due to various causes and these can effectively the overcome with the application of scrub. There are two types of scrub being used on the skin such as facial scrub and body scrub. Usage of oil is high in facial scrub due to which it is less abrasive it removes the dead skin cells and exfoliates the skin. Skin is classified into three types such as dry skin, oily skin and sensitive skin. On regular use of scrubs skin becomes glowing or smoother because dead skin cells are remove thereby exposing new skin cells. Exposure of skin to external agent can be prevented by applying the topical agents directly on the skin. Formulations such as face pack, face cream, suntan cream and face exfoliant are prepared by incorporating suitable base. Scrubs can be directly applied on to the skin or can be applied with small cosmetic pad. Gentle massage is recommended on application of the scrub gel which helps to improve blood circulation and increases oxygen supply to all surface of the skin. (Yadav N, 2015)

Tamarind Powder:

A powerhouse of antioxidants, flavonoids and vitamin C and A, tamarind prevents formation of free radicals. Reduced skin irritation and inflammation with tamarind face packs. It also is a great ingredient to lighten skin tone and reduce dark spots and pigmentation naturally.

Multani Mitti:

The oil-absorbing properties of multani mitti make it effective against acne and help speed up the healing process. Used as a scrub, multani mitti can slough away dead skin cells and remove blackheads and whiteheads, giving skin a natural and healthy glow. Boost’s circulation and improves skin health and tone.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Preparation of gel:

Citric acid was weighed and dissolved in a beaker containing water. Carbopol 940 was added and stirred constantly for few minutes it forms a gel. Sodium Lauryl Sulphate was weighed dissolved separately with water and was added into the above gel. Then the propylene glycol was added. The tamarind peel powder, tamarind powder and the multani mitti was triturated well into the mortar and pestle. Then the prepared gel was added into the active ingredient mixture and stirred. At the end, triethanolamine was added to adjust the pH.

Exfoliant:

A facial scrub uses small particles, beads or chemicals to get rid of the old skin cells and make way for new once in a process known as exfoliation. The agents are used for exfoliation are known as exfoliants. Exfoliating agents are those used to remove dead cells present on the skin and boost blood circulation, giving renewed and glowing skin. It keeps face free from dust, grime and oils which are also beneficial in keeping a skin pore clean. There are two ways to exfoliate the skin. (Aglawe SB, 2019)

Preparation of exfoliant:

The tamarind peel powder was used as exfoliant. The tamarind peel was taken into the mortar and triturate by using pestle. (Charulata T. Nemade, 2014)

Ideal properties of an exfoliant:

1. It should be non irritant

2. It should be non toxic

3. It should possess small gritty particles

4. It should be non sticky

5. It should be mild abrasive

6. It should remove dead skin.

Formulation of herbal scrub (Aswal A, 2012)

Sr. No.	Name of Ingredients	Category	Quantity (g/ml)
1.	Tamarind Peel Powder	Exfoliant	3
2.	Tamarind Powder	Lighten skin tone and reduce dark spots	4
3.	Multani Mitti	Cleaning of oil and dust particles	4
4.	Carbopol 940	Gelling agent	1
5.	Citric Acid	Preservative	0.025
6.	Triethanolamine	Neutralizer	2
7.	Propylene Glycol	Moisturizer	3
8.	Sodium Lauryl Sulphate	Foaming agent	0.5
9.	Rose Water	Vehicle	Q.S.

Evaluation Parameters:

Appearance:

The prepared scrub was evaluated for its odour and colour. The colour was found to be brown in colour and odour was found to be characteristics.

Fig. 1: Appearance of scrub scrub

Consistency:

It was found to be semisolid and homogeneity with visual observation.

pH:

pH of the prepared scrub was evaluated. Small amount of the gel was applied on the pH paper and found to be 7.1. It is a neutral in nature.

Spreadability:

The spreadability is very important in the behavior of gel that comes out from the tube. It is used to identify the extend of spreadability by the gel on the skin. A small quantity of sample was placed on a glass slide and another slide was placed above them; 100 g of weight was placed on the slide. The time taken for the gel to spread on the slide was noted and measured which was found to be 4 cm in 60 sec. It was calculated by using following formula:

S = m×

S= Spreadability

m=Weight placed on slide

l=Length of the glass slide

t= Time taken in seconds

Extrudability:

Small amount of gel was taken into a collapsible ointment tube. One end close and the other end keep opened. Slight pressure was applied on the enclosed side. The time taken to extrude and the amount of the gel extruded was noted.

Irritability:

A small amount of the gel was applied on the skin and kept for few minutes and found to be non-irritated.

Washability:

A little quantity of gel was applied over the skin and was wash with water and it was easily washable.

Grittiness:

Gel was found to have a few gritty particles.

Foamability:

Small amount of scrub was shaken with water in a graduated measuring cylinder and foam was measured.

Viscosity:

Brookfield Viscometer was used to measure the viscosity of the gel. The viscosity was found to be 1246 centipoise.

Fig. 2: Viscometer Apparatus Fig. 3: Formability of scrub

Evaluation of herbal scrub:

Sr. No.	Parameters	Standards	Observations
1.	Colour	-	Brown
2.	Odour	-	Characteristics
3.	Consistency	Good	Good
4.	pH	5.7-7.0	7.1
5.	Viscosity	10106cP-14900cP	1246 centipoise
6.	Spreadability	6.6- 8.83 g.cm/sec	6.66 g.cm/sec
7.	Extrudability	Easily extruded	Easily extruded
8.	Irritability	Non-irritant	Non-irritant
9.	Washability	Washable	Easily washable
10.	Grittiness	Presence of small gritty particles	Presence of small gritty particles
11.	Foamability	Good	Good

RESULTS:

The herbal scrub was prepared and evaluated. The herbal facial scrub formulated in the laboratory was found to be compared with various parameters such as appearance, pH, viscosity, spread ability, wash ability, irritability and found to be satisfied with all required characterization. Thus, the developed formulation can be used as an effective scrub for using it to bear a healthy and glowing skin. It contained tamarind peel powder, tamarind powder, and multani mitti which has exfoliation activity, lighten skin tone and reduce dark spots and cleaning of oil and dust particles respectively. The tamarind peel powder was a natural exfoliating agent which was used to remove dead cells of skin, gives scrubbing property to the skin and which helps to improve the blood circulation. Tamarind powder helps to remove oil, sebum and other secretions of skin to lighten skin tone. The multani mitti was associated with removing dust particles and grene.

After using the scrub, skin was sure to feel softer, cleaner and refreshed. It made skin beautiful, youthful and soft and glowing. Herbal cosmetics showed lesser or no side effects, hence use of herbal cosmetics get increased.

CONCLUSION:

The present study was attempted to make an herbal scrub using suitable base to form a gel. The prepared scrub was compared with various parameters like colour, odour, consistency, pH, spreadability, extrudability, viscosity, irritability, washability, grittiness, foamability and found to be satisfied with all required characterization. Thus, the developed formulation can be used as an effective scrub for using it to bear a healthy and glowing skin.

In this all-natural ingredients were used, so that they had no side effects or fewer side effects. The prepared herbal scrub was found to be satisfied for the application on the skin to make it healthy and glowing. The application of the scrub gel which helps to improve blood circulation and increases oxygen supply to all surface of the skin. After application of scrub, skin becomes softer, cleaner and refreshed.

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Received on 24.06.2020 Modified on 01.10.2020

Research J. Topical and Cosmetic Sci. 2021; 12(1):39-42.

DOI: 10.52711/2321-5844.2021.00006