Physicochemical Investigation of Some Marketed Herbal Hair Oil

Pratibha Gavarkar¹*^, Rahul Adnaik², Dhanashree Chavan³, Ashwini Bagkar³, Rupali Bandgar³

¹Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Rajarambapu College of Pharmacy, Kasegaon,

Tal. Walwa, Dist. Sangli 415404, Maharashtra, India

²Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Rajarambapu College of Pharmacy, Kasegaon, Tal. Walwa, Dist. Sangli 415404, Maharashtra, India

³Rajarambapu College of Pharmacy, Kasegaon, Tal. Walwa, Dist. Sangli 415404, Maharashtra, India

*Corresponding Author E-mail: pratibhagavarkar@gmail.com, rahul.cology@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:

Hair is one of the vital parts of the body and a protective appendage on the body and considered accessory structure of integument along with sebaceous glands, sweat glands and nails. Hair oils are widely used by the consumer of the cosmetic industries. Many brands are available in the market under herbal hair oil category for the cooling effect to the scalp surface. These oils contain plant extractives and some agents that give cooling effect. All natural nourishing preparations for dry scalp and hair combines herbal oil extracts traditionally used to treat hair conditions. Herbal formulations always have attracted considerable attention because of their good activity and comparatively lesser or nil side effects with synthetic drugs. Two ayurvedic hair oils were evaluated for their physicochemical properties, i.e. color, odor, density, viscosity, pH, saponification value, acid value and peroxide value. The leading brands of hair oil in the market Nihar Shanti Amla Hair oil and Patanjali Amla Hair oil were standardized for their above physicochemical properties. Present findings suggest the selected parameters may be used in the standardization of herbal hair oil.

KEYWORDS: Hair oil, Acid value, Saponification value, physicochemical parameters.

INTRODUCTION:

Hair is the one of the vital part of our body and it influences the overall appearance of the person. Hair care products are defined as those formulations which are used for cleansing, modifying the texture of hair, changing of the color, giving life to the stressed hair, providing nourishment to the hair and giving the healthy appearance to the hair.

There are two categories of hair care products these are hair tonics and second is hair grooming aids. Hair oil those contains herbal drugs are called as hair tonics. These are formulated by herbal extracts in an oil base. Hair oils are the hair care formulations applied for treatment of hair disorders such as baldness, aggression of hair, discoloring of hair, hair falling, and dryness of hair etc. The nature of oil is non sticky and addition of perfumes enhances the fragrance and overall improves its popularity. Proper application of hair oil gives luster to hair, softening the hair, gives flowness to hair and more important gives cooling effect to brain. The most recognized hair care preparation is herbal hair oils, they moisturizes the scalp and also helpful in dry scalp and dry hairs. Herbal hair oil maintains normal functions of sebaceous gland as they supply normal essential elements for hair to naturally grow.¹

Experimental:

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Nihar Shanti oil and Patanjali Amla oil were purchased from local market from Islampur district of Sangli, Maharashtra, India.

The formulated herbal hair oil was subjected to physical evaluation.²

1) Physical evaluation:

a) Determination of color and odor:

Color and odor of the oil samples were typical of their constituents.

b) Viscosity:

Viscosity is a measure of the resistance of a fluid which is being deformed by either stress or tensional stress. Thoroughly clean the viscometer. Mount the viscometer in vertical position on a suitable stand. Fill dry viscometer upto g mark. Count the time required in seconds for hair oil sample to flow from mark A to B. Repeat three times. Determine the densities of the liquids. The viscosity was determined using Ostwald’s viscometer.

c) Density:

Density of material is defined as its mass per unit volume. It is determined by following formula Density= mass of oil / volume of oil in Specific gravity bottle.

d) Specific gravity:

Take the specific gravity bottle, rinsed it with distilled water, dry it in oven for 15 minutes, cool, closed it with cap and weigh it (a). Now fill the same specific gravity bottle with the sample and closed it with cap and again weigh it (b). Determine the weight of sample per milliliter by subtracting the weight (b-a).

e) pH:

The pH of herbal hair oil was determined using pH meter.

2) Chemical evaluation:

a) Acid value:

Preparation of 0.1 molar solution: Weighed 0.56 g KOH pellets and dissolved in 100 mL of distilled water and stirred continuously. The prepared 0.1 molar KOH solution was filled in the burette. Preparation of sample: Measured 10 mL oil and dissolved in 25 mL of ethanol and 25 mL of ether mixture and shacked. Added 1 mL of phenolphthalein solution and titrated with 0.1 molar KOH solution.

b) Saponification value:

Accurately weighed 1 mL of oil into a 250 mL of conical flask and 10 mL of ethanol: ether mixture (2: 1) was added. To this flask 25 mL of 0.5 N alcoholic KOH was. Kept the flask for 30 min. and the flask was cooled. The cooled solution was titrated against 0.5 N HCl using phenolphthalein indicator. Similarly the blank titration was performed without taking oil (sample). Amount of KOH in mg used was calculated.

RESULTS:

In present study physicochemical evaluation was carried out on Nihar Shanti Hair oil and Patanjali Amla Hair oil. The various standard tests were performed and the test shows following results as in table 1.

DISCUSSION:

Color and odor of the oil samples were typical of their constituents. The viscosity of the hair oils ranges from 29.24 to 40.82. The pH of both hair oils were found to be near about neutral, 6 of Nihar Shanti Hair oil and 7.0 of Patanjali Amla Hair oil. Acid value of the oils was found to be 0.078 and 0.123. Saponification value of Nihar Shanti Hair oil was found as 53.06 and of Patanjali Amla Hair oil as 53.79. These methods are simple and reproducible. Present findings suggest the selected parameters may be used in the standardization of herbal hair oil.

Table 1: Physicochemical analysis of Nihar Shanti Hair oil and Patanjali Amla Hair oil

Sr. No.	Parameters	Nihar Shanti Hair oil	Patanjali Amla Hair oil
1.	Color	Green	Green
2.	Odour	Aromatic	Aromatic
3.	Viscosity	40.82	29.24
4.	Density	0.819	0.86
5.	Specific gravity	8.19	8.60
6.	pH	06	07
7.	Acid value	0.078	0.123
8.	Saponification value	53.06	53.79

REFERENCES:

1. Saraf S et al. Herbal Hair Cosmetics: Advancements and recent findings. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 3(2); 2014:3278-3294.

2. Dwivedi S. Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Hair Oil. Int. J. Chem. Sci. 10(1); 2012:349-353.

Received on 30.07.2016 Accepted on 21.08.2016

Research J. Topical and Cosmetic Sci. 2016; 7(2): 70-72.

DOI: 10.5958/2321-5844.2016.00011.X